candela (FCbk10f67r)

candela (FCbk10f67r)
Iconography

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This iconographic example, featuring candles (candela, a loanword from Spanish taken into Nahuatl), is included in this digital collection for the purpose of making comparisons with related hieroglyphs. The term selected for this example comes from the text on the same page as the image in the Digital Florentine Codex. There is no gloss, per se. This example shows seven yellow candles that have been pulled from a turquoise-blue pot of molten wax by a candlemaker (candelachiuhqui, as identified by the text and the DFC keywording team). The contextualizing image shows that the candlemaker, who is likely also a candle seller (candelanamacac), is a man. He sits to the right of the pot of wax. The candles are attached by their wicks to a circular structure that is attached to a structure that could hang up. The man making the candles–probably a Nahua–is barefooted, but he wears a Spanish-style belted tunic and a bolero hat. He sits on a low, woven seat (probably an icpalli). Another pot of wax (possibly called xicocuitlatl, as was sometimes was) sits nearby on some stones that surround a fire.

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

As of late September 2025, the only other candles in this collection come from the Codex Sierra-Texupan. See these examples below.

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Gloss Image: 
Gloss Diplomatic Transcription: 

candela

Gloss Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Date of Manuscript: 

1577

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

Mexico City

Syntax: 
Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Other Cultural Influences: 
Keywords: 

vela, cera, mecha, mechas, vendedor, fabricante, tecnología, fogón, fire, luz, xicocuitlatl

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Relevant Nahuatl Dictionary Word(s): 
Glyph/Icon Name, Spanish Translation: 

las velas

Spanish Translation, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Image Source: 

Available at Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 10: The People", fol. 67r, Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/10/folio/67r/images/0 Accessed 10 September 2025.

Image Source, Rights: 

Images of the digitized Florentine Codex are made available under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International). For print-publication quality photos, please contact the Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana ([email protected]). The Library of Congress has also published this manuscript, using the images of the World Digital Library copy. “The Library of Congress is unaware of any copyright or other restrictions in the World Digital Library Collection. Absent any such restrictions, these materials are free to use and reuse.”

Historical Contextualizing Image: