chicome tomin (Osu10v)
This painting of the simplex glyph is highlighting the word tomin (one-eighth of a peso and a loanword from Spanish), found in the Codex Osuna on folio 10 verso (or Image 23). The glyph actually shows what amounts to chicome (seven) tomines, one circle with a “4” on it, which refers to four (nahui) tomines, and another circle on the right, with three (eyi) little circles inside it, which refers to three tomines. Thus, the total number of tomines that are indicated is seven. This is just shy of the value of one full peso, which would be eight tomines. Here, the signs for the tomines are painted blue.
Stephanie Wood
There were coins for a peso, a half peso (tostón), two reales, one real (a tomin), a half tomin (called a medio in Spanish and often a melio in Nahuatl) and a quarter tomin (cuarto). And coins could be found in gold, silver, or even copper. See: a publication by an auctioneer of old coins found in shipwrecks, https://www.sedwickcoins.com/articles/shipwreck_intro.htm.
For additional tomines that appear in this Visual Lexicon collection, see below. Sometimes the number four will be turned sideways or even upside down. For an image of four pesos plus six tomines, see our Mapas Project detail, https://mapas.wired-humanities.org/tribcoy/elements/tribcoya/10. And here are two pesos and five tomines: https://mapas.wired-humanities.org/tribcoy/elements/tribcoyb/60. In all these cases we are NOT seeing a circle for each of the coins, but rather glyphs that are marked to give a sense of the number of coins involved. Tomines and melios were far more common in the hands of Nahuas in this period than pesos, which were worth so much more. In our Online Nahuatl Dictionary, we have attestations of references to tostones (half pesos) in Nahuatl manuscripts from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Stephanie Wood
1551–1565
Jeff Haskett-Wood
tomines, monedas, dinero, deudas, valor, divisa
tomin, a coin worth one eighth of a peso, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/tomin
medio, half a tomin, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/medio
tostón, half a peso, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/toston
el tomín
Stephanie Wood
Library of Congress Online Catalog and the World Digital Library, Osuna Codex, or Painting of the Governor, Mayors, and Rulers of Mexico (Pintura del Gobernador, Alcaldes y Regidores de México), https://www.loc.gov/resource/gdcwdl.wdl_07324/. The original is located in the Biblioteca Nacional de España.
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