encomendero (Osu34v)
This painted simplex Nahuatl hieroglyph represents a Spanish overlord called an encomendero, which is a word taken into Nahuatl. The gloss refers to just "one" encomendero who presided over this town, extracting tributes in kind, perhaps in coin, and in labor. The grant he held would have been called an encomienda. This is a bearded Spanish male who wears a brown hat and cape. A white collar emerges around the neck from under the cape. The beard is brown, but the man appears to have gray hair, just barely visible behind his ear. His shoulders and chest are nearly in a frontal view, but his head is turned to the viewer's right in a profile view.
Stephanie Wood
Various Spaniards appear in this digital collection, often informing the ways Nahuas and Spaniards interacted in their daily lives. Spanish women are rare; a couple that appear were wives of encomenderos. Spanish men appearing in Nahuatl manuscripts tend to be judges, cabildo members, expedition leaders, armed men, priests or monks, notaries, and interpreters. Some men simply called "español" could have been encomenderos; on this manuscript a few men are actually labeled as such. In fact, this Osuna Codex shows many Spaniards from various occupations.
Stephanie Wood
çecomēdero
ce encomendero
Stephanie Wood
1551–1565
Jeff Haskett-Wood
Spaniard, español, españoles, tributo, tributos, colonialismo

encomendero, holder of a grant to extract tribute in kind and in labor, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/encomendero
el encomendero
Stephanie Wood
Library of Congress Online Catalog and the World Digital Library, Osuna Codex, or Painting of the Governor, Mayors, and Rulers of Mexico, https://www.loc.gov/resource/gdcwdl.wdl_07324/. The original is located in the Biblioteca Nacional de España.
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