Ozoma (MH527r)

The glyph for monkey very typically shows the hair (tzontli) on the top of its head standing up, and sometimes the hair is long and thick, and so very noticeable. Perhaps this portrayal of hair is meant to serve as a phonetic complement for the "zom" in the middle of the root ozoma, given that "tzon-" stands for hair.

The ozomatli is a day sign in the calendar, so it was given as a name to babies born on its day. There was also a divine force or deity named Ozomatli, which, according to Desmond Morris (Monkey, 2013, 41), was "the companion spirit and servant of the god Xochipilli, the deity of music and dance. In paintings it is depicted dressed in malinalli herbs and with white, oval earrings with pointed ends." The wide-open eye is another diagnostic stylistic of monkeys.

Typically, a calendrical name would not only have the day sign but also a companion number from 1 to 13. By 1560, it is not unusual to see such numbers dropping away, whether inadvertently or possibly suppressed in the colonial context where consulting the pre-contact divinatory calendar could upset the local clergy.