copilli (FCbk8f34r)
This iconographic example, featuring a warrior wearing a conical hat (copilli), is included in this digital collection for the purpose of making potential comparisons with related hieroglyphs. The term selected for this example comes from the keywords chosen by the team behind the Digital Florentine Codex. There is no gloss. This example shows a warrior wearing an orange animal hide, carrying a red, blue, and white war shield, and a weapon (the macuahuitl). The round shield has a red border and the main part is painted turquoise blue with six round white dots (a sky with stars?). The weapon, a club, has four pairs of obsidian blades embedded in it. The warrior is confronting a group of other warriors, as the contextualizing image shows. The hat is the element of focus here. It is sitting upright on his head. It has two swirling dark gray or black lines, possibly representing the sky, as these may contain white stars. A white band at the bottom of the cone encircles his forehead and beyond. The contextualizing image also includes another conical hat, that one having swirling stripes of blue with black dots on them.
Stephanie Wood
The important sacred force, Quetzalcoatl, wore a conical cap, although it did not resemble this one, as it was covered with an ocelot skin. Below, an image showing cicitlalo, shows a conical hat much like this one, and its name refers to stars (with star being citlalin). Also below are images of stars on blue and black backgrounds, and the stars are often just small circles that are white.
Stephanie Wood
1577
Jeff Haskett-Wood
estrella, estrellas, sombreros, cielo, cielos

copil(li), a conical cap, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/copilli
el sombrero cónico
Stephanie Wood
Available at Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 8: Kings and Lords", fol. 34r, Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/8/folio/34r/images/0 Accessed 17 August 2025.
Images of the digitized Florentine Codex are made available under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International). For print-publication quality photos, please contact the Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana ([email protected]). The Library of Congress has also published this manuscript, using the images of the World Digital Library copy. “The Library of Congress is unaware of any copyright or other restrictions in the World Digital Library Collection. Absent any such restrictions, these materials are free to use and reuse.”
