xopilli (Mdz20v)
This iconographic example of a warrior costume has been identified by Berdan and Anawalt (The Codex Mendoza, 1992, vol. 1, Appendix F) identify the costume as being associated with xopilli. The main costume is a two-tone green with a white (partial) loincloth and a red neckline. The large vertical device has a tear-drop shape with a fan of feathers at the top, joined by a yellow circle. The feathers in the teardrop shape are two-tone green, and inside that a red lining, followed by a turquoise blue lining, and the middle part is filled in with a yellow, criss-cross, mesh, or checked pattern. At the top of the fan--just above the yellow circle--a horizontal row of turquoise blue, a narrower line of white, and above that, red, then green and finally five large yellow feathers.
Stephanie Wood
The gloss explains that this is a warrior regalia made from rich feathers. Our Online Nahuatl Dictionary does not explain the "toe" association in the name for this regalia, but it does provide examples of the xopilli design for a necklace and a shield.
Stephanie Wood
una pieça di armas
desta divisa en un año
de plumas rricas
una pieza de armas de esta divisa de plumas ricas
Stephanie Wood
c. 1541, but by 1553 at the latest
xopil(li), toe, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/xopilli
Codex Mendoza, folio 20 verso, https://digital.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/objects/2fea788e-2aa2-4f08-b6d9-648c00..., image 51 of 188.
The Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford, hold the original manuscript, the MS. Arch. Selden. A. 1. This image is published here under the UK Creative Commons, “Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License” (CC-BY-NC-SA 3.0).