teponaztli (FCbk8f19v)

teponaztli (FCbk8f19v)
Iconography

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This iconographic example, featuring a horizontal slit drum (teponaztli) is included in this digital collection for the purpose of making potential comparisons with related hieroglyphs. The term selected for this example comes from the keywords chosen by the team behind the Digital Florentine Codex. There is no gloss. This example shows a man holding the drum while standing, singing, and possibly dancing. The context suggests that this drummer is accompanying a man who is juggling a log, which could have had religious significance or might have been a secular ceremony. His mouth is open and his teeth are visible. He wears a quetzal feather headdress held on with a blue headband. He wears a cape tied over his right shoulder. It has horizontal stripes of white, light green, orange, and red. He also wears a turquoise-blue loincloth with an intricate pattern and a thin, perhaps string as a necklace. At the lower tips, the loincloth is yellow. He has rings around his ankles that are red, blue, and yellow. His head is in profile, but his stance, with feet separate, is a ¾ view. The dark brown wooden drum has slits in the top. The man holds it with his left hand and hits it with a drumstick in his right hand. The tip of the drumstick that engages with the drum is covered in something, probably rubber.

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

Some examples of the teponaztli show that it could be larger and placed on the ground or on a pedestal for drumming.

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Date of Manuscript: 

1577

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

Mexico City

Syntax: 
Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Keywords: 

música, danza, tocar, tambor, percussion, drums, atabales, atabal, timbal, timbales, tambor, huehuetes, tambores, vertical, percusión, piel, olmaitl

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Relevant Nahuatl Dictionary Word(s): 

teponaz(tli), a horizontal wooden drum with slits in the top, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/teponaztli

Glyph/Icon Name, Spanish Translation: 

el tambor de tronco ahuecado

Spanish Translation, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Image Source: 

Available at Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 8: Kings and Lords", fol. 19v, Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/8/folio/19v/images/f3843c90-31... Accessed 8 August 2025.

Image Source, Rights: 

Images of the digitized Florentine Codex are made available under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International). For print-publication quality photos, please contact the Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana ([email protected]). The Library of Congress has also published this manuscript, using the images of the World Digital Library copy. “The Library of Congress is unaware of any copyright or other restrictions in the World Digital Library Collection. Absent any such restrictions, these materials are free to use and reuse.”

Historical Contextualizing Image: