tezontlalli (FCbk11f229v)

tezontlalli (FCbk11f229v)
Iconography

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This iconographic example, featuring rocky soil (tezontlalli), is included in this digital collection for the purpose of making comparisons with related hieroglyphs. The term selected for this example comes from the text near the image in the Digital Florentine Codex. There is no gloss, per se. This example shows a Nahua man in a ¾ view (but the head in profile, facing left), seated on a short woven seat (some type of icpalli, apparently). He is gesturing, pointing with the index finger of his left hand, toward a pile of stones and a possibly wooden measuring container with a spout and handle (perhaps an almud, a Spanish colonial measuring instrument). A small pile of stones is in the measuring box, and some dirt may also be falling into it. The man collecting the small volcanic stones (tezontlalli) and perhaps some dirt is wearing a cloak (likely a tilmatli, or tilmahtli with the glottal stop) tied on his left shoulder. He also wears trousers that come over his knees but are well above his ankles.

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

This digital collection has a hieroglyph for the name Tezon (MH498r), but it only shows one stone with somewhat unusual markings that may say it is a tezontli (a volcanic stone). The collection does not include any examples of tezontlalli yet (as of January 2026). The measuring instrument does appear here, and its use seems to suggest the marketability of this type of stone or rocky soil. Below are two examples of a similar measuring instrument that was used for measuring maize/corn kernels.

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Gloss or Text Image: 
Gloss/Text Diplomatic Transcription: 

Teçontlalli

Gloss/Text Normalization: 

tezontlalli

Gloss/Text Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Date of Manuscript: 

1577

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

Mexico City

Syntax: 
Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Other Cultural Influences: 
Keywords: 

piedra, piedras volcánicas, construcción, medir, vender

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Relevant Nahuatl Dictionary Word(s): 

tezontlal(li), soil with volcanic stone bits, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/tezontlalli

Glyph/Icon Name, Spanish Translation: 

“cierta tierra para mezclar con cal en lugar de arena” (Molina)

Spanish Translation, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Image Source: 

Available at Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 11: Earthly Things", fol. 229v, Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/11/folio/229v/images/0 Accessed 16 November 2025.

Image Source, Rights: 

Images of the digitized Florentine Codex are made available under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International). For print-publication quality photos, please contact the Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana ([email protected]). The Library of Congress has also published this manuscript, using the images of the World Digital Library copy. “The Library of Congress is unaware of any copyright or other restrictions in the World Digital Library Collection. Absent any such restrictions, these materials are free to use and reuse.”

Orthography: 
Historical Contextualizing Image: