Xochiteotl (Verg34r)

Xochiteotl (Verg34r)
Compound Glyph

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This compound Nahuatl hieroglyph is a black-line drawing of the personal name Xochiteotl (perhaps “Flower Divinity”), attested here as pertaining to a man. The compound consists of a flowering plant (xochitl) that has two stems, each with a flower at the end, and two leaves, one on the left and one on the right. Below this plant is a horizontal stone (tetl) with its curling ends and a curving stripe through its middle. Below the stone is a horizontal road (otli) in the form of parallel lines that contain two alternating footprints (movement). The stone and the road provide the two phonetic syllables (-te- + -o-) that combine to make teotl (a divine force). Another Xochiteotl from the Matrícula de Huexotzinco has just the flower and a stone, where the stone alone stood for -teotl. A Quick Search for Xochiteotl in this digital collection will bring up a number of compounds where a sun or a human head/face stands for the -teotl component in the name.

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

Perhaps the tlacuilo spelled out teotl phonetically in an effort to avoid drawing an image of a divine force and thereby avoid the disapproval of the colonial clergy. Serious events in Tetzcoco in 1539 may have made Nahua tlacuilos more cautious when writing and painting about aspects of their faith. See: Patricia Lopes Don for information about the Inquisition case against don Carlos Ometochtli, a Chichimecatecuhtli executed in late 1539, in Bonfires of Culture, 2010. Bradley Benton (The Lords of Tetzcoco, 2017, 46) also writes that the case “demonstrates that blatant disregard for Christianity had serious consequences.”

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Gloss or Text Image: 
Gloss/Text Diplomatic Transcription: 

jua. xochiteotl

Gloss/Text Normalization: 

Juan Xochiteotl

Gloss/Text Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Source Manuscript: 
Date of Manuscript: 

1539

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

near Tepetlaoztoc, near Tetzcoco

Semantic Categories: 
Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Parts (compounds or simplex + notation): 
Reading Order (Compounds or Simplex + Notation): 
Keywords: 

flor divina, flores divinas, fuerzas sagradas, fonetismo, nombres de hombres, men’s names

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Glyph/Icon Name, Spanish Translation: 

posiblemente, Flor-Divinidad

Spanish Translation, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Image Source: 

Available at Codex Vergara, folio 34r, https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84528032/f75.item.zoom, accessed 1 March 2026 The Vergara is associated with Tepetlaoztoc, in the larger region of Tetzcoco, c. 1539–1543. “Source gallica.bnf.fr / BnF.” We would also appreciate a citation to the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, https://aztecglyphs.wired-humanities.org/.

Image Source, Rights: 

Image Rights: The non-commercial reuse of images from the Bibliothèque nationale de France is free as long as the user is in compliance with the legislation in force and provides the citation: “Source gallica.bnf.fr / Bibliothèque nationale de France” or “Source gallica.bnf.fr / BnF.” We would also appreciate a citation to the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, https://aztecglyphs.wired-humanities.org/

Historical Contextualizing Image: