Yaocihuatl (MH660v)

Yaocihuatl (MH660v)
Compound Glyph

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This compound glyph for the personal name Yaocihuatl (perhaps "Warrior Woman" or "Combative Woman") here borne by a man, shows the head of a woman in profile and looking left. The standing part of her hair, above her forehead, is somewhat exaggerated–perhaps owing to a slip of the stylus. Or, it could be an effort to make her look formidable. Below this head is a black shield with an upright white cross. War shields tend to be used as a sign for enemy or combatant (yaotl).

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

The contextualizing image has a banner glyph which tells us that this man is a centecpanpixqui (guardian of twenty tribute payers). The head of his wife is to the left of the flag. Her name is not given. This is another interesting man’s name that includes a “cihua” (woman) component. There are several Yaocihuatl names in this collection, held by both men and women.

Here is another man's name that relates to women. See some additional examples below. With regard to female combatants, while warriors in Nahua culture were usually men, women could participate in some war-related activities. Achichina was a legendary rebellion leader shortly after the Spanish invasion of Mexico. Malintzin carries a shield and sword in some scenes of the Lienzo de Tlaxcala. Women bared their bottoms and threw breast milk at the enemy in the history written and painted by Diego Durán.

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Gloss Image: 
Gloss Diplomatic Transcription: 

antonio yaoçiuatl

Gloss Normalization: 

Antonio Yaocihuatl

Gloss Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Date of Manuscript: 

1560

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

Huejotzingo, Puebla

Semantic Categories: 
Syntax: 
Writing Features: 
Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Shapes and Perspectives: 
Parts (of compounds or simplex + notation): 
Reading Order (Compounds or Simplex + Notation): 
Keywords: 

war, women, guerra, mujeres combatientes, guerreras, nombres de hombres

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Relevant Nahuatl Dictionary Word(s): 
Glyph/Icon Name, Spanish Translation: 

Mujer Guerrera

Spanish Translation, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Image Source: 

Matrícula de Huexotzinco, folio 660v, World Digital Library, https://www.loc.gov/resource/gdcwdl.wdl_15282/?sp=401&st=image

Image Source, Rights: 

This manuscript is hosted by the Library of Congress and the World Digital Library; used here with the Creative Commons, “Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License” (CC-BY-NC-SAq 3.0).

Historical Contextualizing Image: