huipilli (FCbk8f30v)

huipilli (FCbk8f30v)
Iconography

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This iconographic example, featuring a Nahua woman’s hand woven and embroidered blouse or tunic (huipilli) is included in this digital collection for the purpose of making potential comparisons with related hieroglyphs. The term selected for this example comes from the parallel text on the manuscript. This example shows the usual V-neck at the top/middle of the garment. It also has a square piece of fabric at the base of the V-neck. This patch (called a pechero in Spanish, according to collaborator Ofelia Morales, personal communication) may be for reinforcement, but it also serves as a canvas for culturally meaningful designs. This one has a frontal view of a beautiful four-petaled flower with a circle in the middle, which creates a quincunx and may be a tonalli sign. Each petal also has something that looks like a stamen or a pistil. A vertical row of stripes runs down the middle of the blouse in a pattern of black-white-red-white that repeats. Some edits were made by the artist who painted this garment on the manuscript, involving something like the modern “white-out“ correction fluid. Also, red was painted over one of the black stripes in order to keep the pattern of stripes intact. On both sides of the middle section that is striped, the tunic is white. But the bottom of the tunic has horizontal red stripes with a black-and-white pattern involving horizontal diamond shapes.

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

A quincunx shape appears on many of these huipilli patches. Very often they appear to be flowers (xochitl) but they also resemble glyphs for tonalli (day). Tonalli pairs with ilhuitl (day) in glyphs that seem to point to the tonalpohualli, 260-day divinatory calendar. It may well be that women were adding cosmologically important signs to their clothing, and not just in this patch below the V-neck. Many design elements on fabric show that a woman who made such clothing may have had a familiarity with the celestial realm and served as a tlacuilo of sorts herself. Writing and embroidery may have had some overlap of purpose.

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Gloss Image: 
Gloss Diplomatic Transcription: 

vipilli

Gloss Normalization: 

huipilli

Gloss Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Date of Manuscript: 

1577

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

Mexico City

Syntax: 
Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Keywords: 

tela, telas, blusas, blusa, túnicas, túnica, huipil, huipiles, mujeres

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Relevant Nahuatl Dictionary Word(s): 

huipil(li), a hand-woven and embroidered Nahua woman’s blouse or tunic, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/huipilli

Glyph/Icon Name, Spanish Translation: 

el huipil

Spanish Translation, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Image Source: 

Available at Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 8: Kings and Lords", fol. 30v, Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/8/folio/30v/images/35690bb6-0e... Accessed 11 August 2025.

Image Source, Rights: 

Images of the digitized Florentine Codex are made available under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International). For print-publication quality photos, please contact the Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana ([email protected]). The Library of Congress has also published this manuscript, using the images of the World Digital Library copy. “The Library of Congress is unaware of any copyright or other restrictions in the World Digital Library Collection. Absent any such restrictions, these materials are free to use and reuse.”

Orthography: 
Historical Contextualizing Image: