choca (FCbk9f25r)

choca (FCbk9f25r)
Iconography

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This iconographic example featuring a young man crying (the verb is choca) is included in this digital collection for the purpose of making potential comparisons with related hieroglyphs. The term selected for this example comes from the keywords chosen by the team behind the Digital Florentine Codex. There is no gloss, per se. This example shows the young man’s head in profile, facing toward what are probably his parents (visible in the contextualizing image). Three short streams of tears come down his visible cheek. Two speech scrolls, one blue and one red, emerge from his mouth. He may be speaking while also crying. He has a cloak tied on his shoulder, so he has some social status.

The contextualizing image shows that he works with feathers. Perhaps he has made a mistake in his work. He is crying while apparently being admonished, perhaps by his parents (see the contextualizing scene). The probable parents sit facing him, each one with an identical mixing pot, which may suggest that they are involved in the feather work, too. This man and woman share the space, but the possible father is in front, closer to the possible son. The man and woman also have the usual gendered sitting postures, hairstyles, and clothing.

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

Examples of glyphs for the verb choca, to cry, show how it can refer to human crying along with animal cries.

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Date of Manuscript: 

1577

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

Mexico City

Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Keywords: 

llora, trieste, lágrimas, emoción

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Relevant Nahuatl Dictionary Word(s): 

choca, to cry (with emotion), but can also be an animal’s vocalization, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/choca

Glyph/Icon Name, Spanish Translation: 

llorar

Spanish Translation, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Image Source: 

Available at Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 9: The Merchants", fol. 25r, Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/9/folio/25r/images/0 Accessed 29 August 2025.

Image Source, Rights: 

Images of the digitized Florentine Codex are made available under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International). For print-publication quality photos, please contact the Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana ([email protected]). The Library of Congress has also published this manuscript, using the images of the World Digital Library copy. “The Library of Congress is unaware of any copyright or other restrictions in the World Digital Library Collection. Absent any such restrictions, these materials are free to use and reuse.”

Historical Contextualizing Image: