Yohualtianquizco (RGTyM17)

Yohualtianquizco (RGTyM17)
Compound Hieroglyph

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This black-line drawing of the compound Nahuatl hieroglyph for the place name Yohualtianquizco (perhaps "At the Nighttime Market") shows a hill or mountain (tepetl), which is a silent, but visual, locative, and does not play a role in the toponym other than serving perhaps as the -co locative suffix. Sitting atop the hill or mountain is a black circle with three white vertical rows inside the circle. These strips contain double rows of what are probably stars (citlalin), indicating that part of the toponym derives from the word for night (yohualli). Also a part of the name is -tianquiz- (from tianquiztli, market).

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

Many hieroglyphs for markets are round (see below), so the circle may account for the -tianquiz- portion of the toponym, along with the sky. Skies can also be round, and sometimes they have round stars in them. These stars can be starry eyes or just round white dots.

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Gloss or Text Image: 
Gloss/Text Diplomatic Transcription: 

Sā agustin yo
hualtiaquizco

Gloss/Text Normalization: 

San Agustín Yohualtianquizco

Gloss/Text Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Source Manuscript: 
Tistla y Muchitlan, RG Map of (RGTyM)
Date of Manuscript: 

1582

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

Tzompanco (contemporary Zumpango del Río, Guerrero), with a connection to the Diocese of Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala

Semantic Categories: 
place name
Writing Features: 
compound fully logographic
Cultural Content & Iconography: 
Celestial Phenomena
Landscape Features
Markets, Commerce, Economy
Names (places)
Socio-Political Units, Cities, Towns, Neighborhoods
Time, Calendar, Frequency
Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Shapes and Perspectives: 
circle, circular or rounded
dotted, granular, textured
frontal view
tripartite
Parts (compounds or simplex + notation): 
3
Reading Order (Compounds or Simplex + Notation): 
inherent/internal/merged
downward
Keywords: 

hills, mountains, cerros, montañas, noche, estrellas, mercados, tianguis, pueblos, estancias, topónimos, nombres de lugares

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Relevant Nahuatl Dictionary Word(s): 

yohual(li), night or nighttime, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/yohualli
tianquiz(tli), marketplace, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/tianquiztli
-co (locative suffix), in or at, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/co

Additional Scholars' Interpretations: 

"Night Marketplace," Barbara E. Mundy, The Mapping of New Spain (1996, 147).

Image Source: 

The source of these hieroglyphs is a manuscript and map known collectively as the “Relación de Tistla y Muchitlan,” also known as the “Descripción de la Alcaldia Mayor de las Minas de Zumpango.” Apparently, these towns (today spelled Tixtla and Mochitlan) are in the modern-day state of Guerrero, but they fell under the religious jurisdiction of the Diocese of Tlaxcala. Thanks go to Octavio Márquez for his contribution of the glyph, gloss, and contextualizing images.

Image Source, Rights: 

The original manuscript is hosted on line as part of the Benson Latin American Collection, The General Libraries, University of Texas at Austin, https://collections.lib.utexas.edu/catalog/utblac:fbc92b3e-bb28-4258-975.... It is open-access.

Orthography: 
dropped "n"
Historical Contextualizing Image: