Cuilol (Verg34r)

Cuilol (Verg34r)
Compound Glyph

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This compound Nahuatl hieroglyph is a black-line drawing of the personal name Cuilol, attested here as man’s name. It shows what appear to be woven sticks (cuilotl) that may represent a gate (tlazacuilotl). If so, these are phonetic indicators. Above the woven sticks is a rubber (olli) ball with a piece missing, perhaps to distinguish it from a black bean. The ball provides a phonetic syllable (-ol-) for the ending of the name. While the gloss ends in -or, this may represent a substitution of “r” for “l,” two sounds that do overlap in Nahuatl. The letter “r” was not part of the Nahuatl alphabet, but once it was learned from Spanish, the substitution could occur. A simplex glyph for Martin Cuilo (given as Cuillo), showing just the woven sticks, also appears on folio 35 verso. The spelling of the name in that instance may cause doubt about whether this one here is indeed Cuilol. The compound that appears here repeats on folio 37 verso, once again being glossed as Cuilor.

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

Four other examples of the name Cuilol appear in this digital collection, so it was a somewhat popular name. Two of these clearly express something visual about writing and painting. One seems to refer to sticks (cuilotl), and one may refer to a design (cuilolli). We also have a gate (tlatzacuilotl) from the Matrícula de Huexotzinco.

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Gloss or Text Image: 
Gloss/Text Diplomatic Transcription: 

mīn. cuilor

Gloss/Text Normalization: 

Martín Cuilol

Gloss/Text Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Source Manuscript: 
Date of Manuscript: 

1539

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

near Tepetlaoztoc, near Tetzcoco

Semantic Categories: 
Writing Features: 
Cultural Content & Iconography: 
Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Shapes and Perspectives: 
Parts (compounds or simplex + notation): 
Reading Order (Compounds or Simplex + Notation): 
Keywords: 

escrituras, escribir, pinturas, pintar, diseñar, diseños, fonetismo, nombres de hombres, men’s names

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Relevant Nahuatl Dictionary Word(s): 
Glyph/Icon Name, Spanish Translation: 

posiblemente, Escritura, Pintura, o Diseño

Spanish Translation, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Image Source: 

Available at Codex Vergara, folio 34r, https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84528032/f75.item.zoom, accessed 1 March 2026. The Vergara is associated with Tepetlaoztoc, in the larger region of Tetzcoco, c. 1539–1543. “Source gallica.bnf.fr / BnF.” We would also appreciate a citation to the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, https://aztecglyphs.wired-humanities.org/.

Image Source, Rights: 

Image Rights: The non-commercial reuse of images from the Bibliothèque nationale de France is free as long as the user is in compliance with the legislation in force and provides the citation: “Source gallica.bnf.fr / Bibliothèque nationale de France” or “Source gallica.bnf.fr / BnF.” We would also appreciate a citation to the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, https://aztecglyphs.wired-humanities.org/

Orthography: 
Historical Contextualizing Image: