octli (FCbk10f11v)

octli (FCbk10f11v)
Iconography

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This iconographic example, featuring a man drinking pulque (octli), is included in this digital collection for the purpose of making comparisons with related hieroglyphs. The term selected for this example comes from the keywords chosen by the team behind the Digital Florentine Codex. There is no gloss, per se. This example shows a profile view (facing right) of a man seated on a petate-covered, rectangular seat. He is dressed in long trousers and a shirt with a ruffled neck (showing European influence). Over these clothes he wears a cloak (timatli) of an elite male. It is tied over his shoulder. The fabric has folds in a dark gray, a shading that gives it a three-dimensionality (learned from European artists). The man is holding and drinking from a rather flat bowl, perhaps a gourd bowl (e.g., ayotectli, atlihuani, tecomitl, tzohuacalli, or xicalli). In front of the man is a very large pitcher. The beverage in the pitcher has lots of dots hovering over it, probably an indication of foam or bubbles, iconography that is diagnostic for octli (pulque). The context of this man drinking is a reference to the bat tetzon (noble or offspring) who gets drunk.

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

Hieroglyphs for octli often involve an open bowl, cup, or pitcher with dots over it. Sometimes early glyphs also have a symbol for the yacametztli nose ornament (a nariguera in Spanish) on the bowl. The glyph for the name Tlahuan (short for tlahuanqui, drunkard) is a bowl of pulque with the yacametztli symbol on it and bubbles above.

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Date of Manuscript: 

1577

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

Mexico City

Syntax: 
Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Other Cultural Influences: 
Keywords: 

bebidas alcohólicas, jícara, olla

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Relevant Nahuatl Dictionary Word(s): 

oc(tli), pulque (an alcoholic beverage), https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/octli

Glyph/Icon Name, Spanish Translation: 

el pulque

Spanish Translation, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Image Source: 

Available at Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 10: The People", fol. 11v, Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/10/folio/11v/images/0 Accessed 3 September 2025.

Image Source, Rights: 

Images of the digitized Florentine Codex are made available under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International). For print-publication quality photos, please contact the Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana ([email protected]). The Library of Congress has also published this manuscript, using the images of the World Digital Library copy. “The Library of Congress is unaware of any copyright or other restrictions in the World Digital Library Collection. Absent any such restrictions, these materials are free to use and reuse.”

Historical Contextualizing Image: