Marina (LTlaxUT1b)

Marina (LTlaxUT1b)
Iconography

Glyph or Iconographic Image Description: 

This iconographic example is included here for possible comparisons with Nahuatl hieroglyphs. It features doña Marina, the Nahua interpreter to Cortés. In this scene, she is standing up with a long red-and-white handwoven blouse (huipilli) that is worn over a skirt or culottes that are also red and white. The huipilli has a red mesh pattern, but above and below it are horizontal stripes with rows of shapes that are like quincunxes, designs involving X-shapes and little arrows pointing toward the center of the X. She wears reddish shoes of a design that is very much like what the Spaniards in her presence are wearing.. Her hair is long and wavy, hanging over her shoulder and down her back. We see here in a ¾ view, although her head is in profile. She faces toward the right and upward. Her arms are raised out in front of her, but the left one is higher and gesturing.

Description, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Added Analysis: 

While the gloss does not mention it, doña Marina came to enjoy the honorific before her name as the Spaniards and Nahuas who knew her recognized that she came from a family with some social status. She was also very skilled at her interpreting work. The contextualizing image here shows that she is at work in this scene, helping Cortés communicate with Xicotencatl. This digital collection includes some additional scenes that show doña Marina or Malintzin at work doing her interpreting job. These are all iconographic examples as of April 2026.

Added Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Gloss or Text Image: 
Gloss/Text Diplomatic Transcription: 

marina

Gloss/Text Normalization: 

Marina, or Doña Marina

Gloss/Text Analysis, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Date of Manuscript: 

1540s

Creator's Location (and place coverage): 

Tlaxcala and other parts of early Mexico

Semantic Categories: 
Syntax: 
Cultural Content, Credit: 

Jeff Haskett-Wood

Keywords: 

interpretación, intérprete, nahuatlata, hablar, traducir, mujer, mujeres, idiomas, lenguas, náhuatl

Glyph or Iconographic Image: 
Relevant Nahuatl Dictionary Word(s): 

Marina, Nahua interpreter to Cortés, https://nahuatl.wired-humanities.org/content/marina

Glyph/Icon Name, Spanish Translation: 

Marina, Malintzin, or Malinche, la intérpreta de Cortés

Spanish Translation, Credit: 

Stephanie Wood

Image Source: 

Benson Latin American Collection, LLILAS Benson Latin American Studies and Collections, The University of Texas at Austin https://collections.lib.utexas.edu/catalog/utblac:3c754fd0-b27f-4af7-9cf...

Image Source, Rights: 

The Benson Library has kindly provided the digital images and permission to put them into our Mapas Project in 2015. Use and reproduction from this project: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/, but please also cite the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, ed. Stephanie Wood, (Eugene, Ore.: Wired Humanities Projects, ©2020-present). Version 1.0.

Historical Contextualizing Image: